text 4many things make people think artists are weird. but the weirdest may be this: artists’ only job is to explore emotions, and yet they choose to focus on the ones that feel bad.
this wasn’t always so. the earliest forms of art, like painting and music, are those best suited for expressing joy. but somewhere from the 19th century onward, more artists began seeing happiness as meaningless, phony or, worst of all, boring, as we went from wordsworth’s daffodils to baudelaire’s flowers of evil.
you could argue that art became more skeptical of happiness because modern times have seen so much misery. but it’s not as if earlier times didn’t know perpetual war, disaster and the massacre of innocents. the reason, in fact, may be just the opposite: there is too much damn happiness in the world today.
after all, what is the one modern form of expression almost completely dedicated to depicting happiness? advertising. the rise of anti-happy art almost exactly tracks the emergence of mass media, and with it, a commercial culture in which happiness is not just an ideal but an ideology.
36.? by citing the examples of poets wordsworth and baudelaire, the author intends to show that ________.
[a] poetry is not as expressive of joy as painting or music
[b] art grows out of both positive and negative feelings
[c] poets today are less skeptical of happiness（d）
[d] artists have changed their focus of interest
标题类型：主旨题
a选项：推论出题法
归于推联络：文中并未介绍诗歌和绘画以及音乐的联络，归于无联络推比照联络
b选项：单词出题法
归于定语出题，艺术先阅历活泼后阅历低沉，并不是一起阅历两者，所以b选项打扫
c选项：主旨相反出题法
今日我们愈加置疑艺术了，而不是很少，所以c选项打扫
d选项：正确选项，这个选项是经过打扫选出来的，因为该选项中也存在推论，比方说interest，是艺术家关于艺术的快乐喜爱，那艺术家就必定关于艺术有快乐喜爱嘛？学生就必定对学生感快乐喜爱嘛？不必定的，从文中得到，艺术家们现已改动了关于艺术富含内容的情绪，从旷达变成绝望了，所以的确是关于艺术的重视现已改动了，所以d选项假定细抠仍是有差错，可是比较于abc来说，d差错何足挂齿。
people in earlier eras were surrounded by reminders of misery. they worked until exhausted, lived with few protections and died young. in the west, before mass communication and literacy, the most powerful mass medium was the church, which reminded worshippers that their souls were in danger and that they would someday be meat for worms. given all this, they did not exactly need their art to be a bummer too.
37.? the word “bummer” (line 5, paragraph 5) most probably means something ________.
[a] religious
[b] unpleasant
[c] entertaining（b）
[d] commercial
标题类型：主旨题
日子现已这么糟糕了，咱们不期望咱们的艺术也这么????? ，同学们选词填空，还能填错的同学我主张我们：多读书，多看报，少吃零食，多睡觉；正确答案为咱们的b选项
today the messages the average westerner is surrounded with are not religious but commercial, and forever happy. fast-food eaters, news anchors, text messengers, all smiling, smiling, smiling. our magazines feature beaming celebrities and happy families in perfect homes. and since these messages have an agenda — to lure us to open our wallets — they make the very idea of happiness seem unreliable. “celebrate!” commanded the ads for the arthritis drug celebrex, before we found out it could increase the risk of heart attacks.
38.? in the author’s opinion, advertising ________.
[a] emerges in the wake of the anti-happy art
[b] is a cause of disappointment for the general public
[c] replaces the church as a major source of information（d）
[d] creates an illusion of happiness rather than happiness itself
标题类型：细节题
a选项：语句出题法
时刻次序相反，先呈现的是广告，a选项打扫
b选项：推论出题法
归于推相反，其实大众是没有绝望的，从文中可以看出，大众非常开心；所以广告和大众绝望并不构成因果联络，因为广告，致使大众绝望，这个推论是差错的，b选项打扫
c选项：推论出题法
归于动词出题，文中说到：早年信息来历是教堂，如今信息来历是广告，那选项就说：广告替代了教堂，这一句话就现已错了，归于推内容，教堂仍然存在，广告也仍然存在，谁占主导还真不晓得呢，所今后边的major source也是差错的，所以c选项打扫。
d选项：正确选项，与文中主旨以及细节均相符
but what we forget — what our economy depends on us forgetting — is that happiness is more than pleasure without pain. the things that bring the greatest joy carry the greatest potential for loss and disappointment. today, surrounded by promises of easy happiness, we need art to tell us, as religion once did, memento mori: remember that you will die, that everything ends, and that happiness comes not in denying this but in living with it. it’s a message even more bitter than a clove cigarette, yet, somehow, a breath of fresh air.
39.? we can learn from the last paragraph that the author believes ________.
[a] happiness more often than not ends in sadness
[b] the anti-happy art is distasteful but refreshing
[c] misery should be enjoyed rather than denied（b）
[d] the anti-happy art flourishes when economy booms
标题类型：细节题
a选项：语句出题法
归于换规模：文中说到：夸姣是高兴与苦楚兼有，比方咱们假定各占50%，那a选项说夸姣结束在绝望中，显着不对，还有一有些是高兴的呢，所以a选项打扫。
b选项：正确选项，与文中最终一句话相照顾。
c选项：同义替换出题法
归于换目标，文中：夸姣不大约被否定而是去享受，而选项中换成了苦楚，直接打扫c选项
d选项：常识出题法
经济昌盛，只是咱们的常识，经济昌盛了啥都能成功，文章只字未提，所以d选项打扫
40.? which of the following is true of the text?
[a] religion once functioned as a reminder of misery.
[b] art provides a balance between expectation and reality.
[c] people feel disappointed at the realities of modern society.（a）
[d] mass media are inclined to cover disasters and deaths.
标题类型：细节题
a选项：为正确选项
b选项：推论出题法
首要期望没有说到，实际也没有说到，两者的平衡从何而来呢？所以艺术和这个平衡并没有联络，中心动词换成啥都是差错的，归于无联络推有联络。
?
c选项：推论出题法
文中根柢没有说到我们绝望，归于不晓得推绝望类型，c选项打扫
d选项：推论出题法
归于推常识，群众媒体报导灾害并未在文中说到，d选项打扫